Micro Focus Visual COBOL 2.3 for Visual Studio 2012 > Developing Applications in the IDE > Creating COBOL Solutions and Projects > Tips on Editing COBOL

Micro Focus Visual COBOL 2.3 for Visual Studio 2012 > Developing Applications in the IDE > Using Visual Studio for COBOL Development > Tips and Tricks with the IDE > Tips on Editing COBOL

Tips on Editing COBOL

The Visual Studio IDE provides a COBOL editor and various other features for editing COBOL code:

Bookmark Window

Shows the bookmarks added to source code in your solution. Choose View > Bookmark Window to display the window.

Bookmarks

To add a bookmark, position the cursor on a line in the code and choose Edit > Bookmarks > Toggle Bookmark.

Background Syntax Checking

The COBOL code is checked in the background, as you type it. Any errors are underlined with wavy red lines. You can turn this setting off or on the Miscellaneous page in Tools > Options > Text Editor > Micro Focus COBOL.

Generally, we recommend that you leave Background Syntax Checking turned on as a number of IDE features rely on it and are not available when it is disabled. You might consider turning it off only when editing exceptionally large files. See Known Issues and Restrictions for more information about which IDE features are not available in that scenario.

Call Hierarchy Window

From the editor, you open the call hierarchy window for

If the window is not visible, click View > Call Hierarchy to open it.

Class View Window

Shows an outline of the classes used in your solution and their members. To display the window choose View > Class View. This applies to managed projects only.

COBOL Margins

The editor provides colorized margins for fixed and variable COBOL source code. You can specify whether to display or hide the margins from the Miscellaneous page in Tools > Options > Text Editor > Micro Focus COBOL. You can change the color of the margins and the margin text from Tools > Options > Environment > Fonts and Colors and then the COBOL Margin and COBOL Margin Text settings. The margins are automatically updated according to your preferences if the background parse is turned on.

COBOL Reserved Words

To configure the case of the COBOL reserved words used in the code snippets for COBOL choose Tools > Options > Text Editor > Micro Focus COBOL > Formatting and set the case in the Case Format for Reserved Words field.

Code Definition Window

If you position the cursor on an object in the source code, the Code Definition Window automatically displays the section of the code implementing the objects referenced on that line. To display the window choose View > Code Definition Window.

Code Snippets

Insert the code constructs for elements of the COBOL language, for example for classes, methods and delegates in .NET COBOL or . To insert a snippet choose Edit > IntelliSense > Insert Snippet, or right-click in the editor and select Insert Snippet, or type the shortcut for the particular snippet (for example, class-id, method-id) and press Tab. This inserts an outline of the syntax for you to fill in. Snippets are available in both native and managed code.

To configure the case in which the code snippets are displayed choose Tools > Options > Text Editor > Micro Focus COBOL > Formatting and set the case in the Case Format for Identifiers field.

Comments

End-of-line comments - start end-of-line comments in the code using *>.
Comment out a line of code - for fixed or variable source format of code, enter * in column 7 or, for FREE source format of code, enter * in column 1 to comment out an entire line.
XML documentation comments - in managed COBOL, type *>> to create Visual Studio-style XML documentation comments.
Task List comments - to create Task List comments, type the declaration of a comment immediately followed by any of the following phrases - TODO, HACK or UNDONE. To see the comments, check the Task List window (click View > Task List to show the window). The window shows all comments added in the files that have been opened in the editor and such that are part of any copybooks referenced by these files.
To define other tokens as Task List comments or to change the priority of the comments, go to Tools > Options > Environment > Task List.

Editing Single Files

This only applies to native COBOL. The recommended way to work with Visual COBOL is to include all source files in a project because this enables full support for the IDE editing, compiling and debugging features. There is limited support in the IDE for single files, such that are not part of a project and Visual COBOL provides a path to create projects for these files in order to enable full editor, build and debug functionality. To create a project from a single file, right-click in the editor and click Create COBOL Project.

To edit a single file, first open it in the editor using File > Open > File. Alternatively, double-click the file in Windows Explorer or start it from a command prompt. You can edit the file in the usual way. Note, however, that background syntax checking is not available for single files so no errors are reported as you type. You need to recompile in order for the IDE to check your code and report any issues.

When starting the IDE from the command line, also set the COBCPY environment variable to point to the folders where the IDE should search for copybooks.

To specify the locations of any copybooks used in the single file when the copybooks are not in the same location, set the COPYPATH Compiler directive in the IDE on the Single File Compile page in Tools > Options > Micro Focus > COBOL as COPYPATH(<location1>;<location2>;...). You then need to recompile the file.

To specify non-default locations of copybooks, when opening the file from the command line also specify the COBCPY environment variable as an argument at the command line and set it to point to the folders where the IDE should search for the copybooks.

Check Known Errors and Restrictions for information about the level of support for single files.

Editor Zoom

Zoom in or out the text in the COBOL editor by pressing CTRL and scrolling with the mouse.

Errors Window

Shows the errors, warning and messages created when editing or compiling. Double-click on an item in the errors list to position the cursor on the line of code that causes the error. You can get help on the error by pointing to the relevant error number and pressing F1.

Expanded Copybook View

To show the contents of a copybook inline in the place where the COPY statement is, right-click the line for the COPY statement in the editor, and click Show "copybookname". Or, to show all copybooks that are referenced in the file, right-click in the editor, and click Show all copybooks.

Exploring a project

You can improve the navigation of a project by using one of the following features:

Use the Virtual View in Solution Explorer to group logically the files that make up the project by file type. Click to toggle the view on or off. When Virtual View is on you can also create your own virtual folders to group files of your choice.
You can use solution folders to group the projects in your solution - right-click the solution in Solution Explorer and click Add > New Solution Folder, then use drag and drop to move projects to that folder. The solution folder does not exist on the disk and only helps you group projects.

Extract to Copybook

Make a selection in the editor that includes the lines of code you want to move into a copybook, right-click the selection and click Extract to Copybook. This enables you to create a new copybook in your project that includes the entire lines of code from your selection. In the editor, the selected code is replaced by a COPY statement that refers the new copybook.

Find in Files

Click Edit > Find and Replace > Find in Files (or press CTRL+SHIFT+F). To search in all copybooks - the ones that are part of the project as well as the ones that are found in the paths defined on the Copybook Paths tab in the project properties - set the search scope in the Find and Replace dialog to COBOL Project Copybook Paths.

Find All References

In the editor, right-click a COBOL data item, a section or a paragraph name in the code and select Find All References. A list of all places in the solution that contain the reference to the item is displayed in the Find Symbol Results window. Double-clicking on an item in the list positions the cursor on the line of code that includes the element. The default shortcut for invoking Find All References is Shift+F12. See General Visual Studio IDE Issues for information about the limitations when using Find All References.

Find Symbol Results Window

To display the window, click View > Find Results > Find Symbols Results. Displays the results of Find All References command in the editor. Double-click an item in the list to position the cursor on the line that includes the referenced item.

Format Document/Format Selection

Changes the case of the source file currently opened in the editor or of a selection as specified on the Formatting page in Tools > Options > Text Editor > Micro Focus COBOL. To format the file or a selection of code, click Edit > Advanced > Format Document or Edit > Advanced > Format Selection.

Go To Definition (F12)

Pointing to a variable in the editor and pressing F12 positions the cursor on the definition of that variable.

Performing Go To Definition on a copybook name opens the copybook in the editor.

Go To Procedure Division

Go To Procedure Division button,

, is located on the COBOL toolbar. To display the toolbar choose Tools > Customize > Toolbars and select COBOL. Click

to move the cursor following these rules:

For procedural programs, the cursor moves to the first line of the Procedure Division of the COBOL source.
For Object-Oriented programs, if the cursor is inside a class and before the method definitions, the command moves it to the first line of the Procedure Division of the first method.
If the cursor is inside the methods declarations but outside a method, the command moves it to the first line of the Procedure Division of the preceding method.

If the cursor is after a class, the command moves it to the first line of the Procedure Division of the last method of the class.
If the cursor is in a copybook file which you opened from Solution Explorer, the command moves it to the first line of the Procedure Division of the first COBOL source that includes the copybook. If the copybook file was opened from a particular COBOL file, the command moves it the first line of the Procedure Division of that COBOL file.

Go To Location Toolbar

To display the toolbar choose Tools > Customize > Toolbars and select COBOL. The Go To Location toolbar is indicated by

and enables you to locate the definition of a variable by typing the variable name or an expression in which it is used. Equivalent to pointing to the variable in the editor and pressing F12. The toolbar keeps a history of your searches. To return to where you were in the code, click "Navigate Backwards",

IntelliSense

Provides writing assistance in the editor. In both native and managed COBOL, provides suggestions for COBOL words or snippets when you press Ctrl + Spacebar or start typing in the editor. In .NET COBOL, IntelliSense also displays lists of the namespaces, types, members and parameters that are available when you type an object name followed by a space, dot, double colon or an opening bracket.

Navigate To

Choose Edit > Navigate To. Enables you to search for symbols and filenames and navigate to different locations of the current solution. Double-click an item in the result to view the definition in the code.

Note that for managed projects Navigate To search works only if at least one of the COBOL source programs has been opened in the IDE. For native projects, Navigate To search works only for the COBOL source programs that have been opened once in the IDE.

Navigation Bar

The navigation bar at the top of the COBOL editor displays lists of the objects and procedures used in the current program and enables you to position the cursor on any of them. This is available for managed code only.

Navigation using the Home and End keys

Pressing Home repeatedly first moves the cursor immediately before the first non-white space in the current area, then at the beginning of the area, or to the first non-white space in the preceding area. Pressing End repeatedly first moves the cursor immediately after the last non-white space in the current area, and then at the start of the following area. You can change this default behavior from the Tools > Options > Text Editor > Micro Focus COBOL > Margins page.

Outlining

Enables you to hide portions of the code. Choose Edit > Outlining > Toggle Outlining Expansion.

Override Class Members Wizard

A user interface that facilitates you in overriding the members of an inherited class. To invoke the wizard, right-click inside a class in the editor and choose Override Class Members. The wizard displays the members that you can override and which class they belong to. Select the members you want to override and click OK. This adds the selected methods with the override modifier at the end of the class . Works with managed code only.

Project Details Window

Displays a full list of the files in your project or solution with file details such as the file type, the COBOL dialect, number of errors in the files.

To open the window, select your project or solution in Solution Explorer and click Projects > Project Details Window.

References

Enable you to add references to .NET assemblies, COM objects, projects and files. To add a reference choose Project > projectProperties, open the References tab and click Add > Reference or Add > Web Reference. This applies to managed projects only.

Ruler: The horizontal ruler is turned off by default. To enable it, click Tools > Options > Text Editor > Micro Focus COBOL, and then click Margins. Check Show the ruler. Check Mainframe style if you wish the ruler to indicate areas A and B of the code.
Smart Edit Mode: The Smart edit mode controls the word wrapping and the indentation in the different COBOL areas. You can configure this from Tools > Options > Text Editor > Micro Focus COBOL, and on the Margins and Tabs pages.

Smart Tags: Smart tags are a feature of the Visual Studio editor that helps you implement different constructs of code more easily. The indication for a smart tag () appears underneath at the beginning of the declaration of a construct that is not fully implemented. When you place the cursor over the tag, the icon appears. Click the arrow in the icon and select an action from the drop-down list. This adds the required construct to your code.
Syntax Colorizing: Colorizes the members of the COBOL language, for example data items, statements, comments, level 78 words, in different colors. To configure the colors for the COBOL language, choose Tools > Options > Environment and click Fonts and Colors. The items related to COBOL are prefixed with "COBOL".
Syntax Help: In the editor, point to a COBOL reserved word and press F1 to display the syntax Help for that word.
Task List Comments: Task List comments - to create Task List comments, type the declaration of a comment immediately followed by any of the following phrases - TODO, HACK or UNDONE. To see the comments, check the Task List window (click View > Task List to show the window). The window shows all comments added in the files that have been opened in the editor and such that are part of any copybooks referenced by these files.
To define other tokens as Task List comments or to change the priority of the comments, go to Tools > Options > Environment > Task List.
Viewing Copybooks With Replaced Values: For copybooks which your code modifies with COPY… REPLACING statements, you can open the copybooks from the editor and view their code with the replaced variables. In the COBOL editor, right-click the line which has the COPY… REPLACING statement, and click Open copybook with replaced values. The copybooks opens in a separate tab in the editor in read-only view and shows the replaced variables.
WCF Service References: Enable you to add and use WCF services in client applications. WCF Service References automatically set the details that are needed to invoke the service like the service address, the binding, the service name and contract.; To add a service reference, select your project in Solution Explorer and click Project > Add Service Reference. Click Discover to locate the available WCF services.
XML Documentation Comments: Insert XML documentation comments immediately before all your classes and methods to provide a description of what they do. Start each line of the documentation comment with *>>. When you type code IntelliSense shows the classes and methods you can use, the definitions are displayed as tool-tips for your classes and methods.