1. % DEFINE $IN-LINE( &ARG) 2. COUNTER = &ARG 3. % &IN-LINE = &ARG 4. % END 5. % DEFINE $MY-EPILOGUE 6. % * MARK COLUMN 7 MARGIN 7. % SET LINKAGE 8. 01 MY-EPILOGUE-CHR &40+PIC X. 9. % SET PROCEDURE 10. COUNTER = 100 11. % SET EPILOGUE $SECOND-EPILOGUE 12. % DEFINE $SECOND-EPILOGUE 13. % BEGIN 14. COUNTER = 101 15. % SET EPILOGUE $MY-EPILOGUE
Lines 1-14:
Three rules are defined-- $IN-LINE, $MY-EPILOGUE, and $SECOND-EPILOGUE.
Line 15:
% SET EPILOGUE $MY-EPILOGUE automatically invokes $MY-EPILOGUE at the very end of the program (after line 63).
16. % SET EVAL-BRACKETS "<>"
17. IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
18. PROGRAM-ID.
19. EXAMPLE9.
20. ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
21. INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
22. FILE-CONTROL.
23. SELECT YOUR-FILE ASSIGN UT-S-YOURFILE.
24. DATA DIVISION.
25. FILE SECTION.
26. FD YOUR-FILE.
27. 01 YOUR-RECORD PIC X(80).
28. WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
29. 01 COUNTER PIC S9(4) COMP.
30. 01 WS-1 PIC X.
31. % SET END-WORKING-STORAGE
32. * PLACE FOR STUFF THAT MUST BE AT END OF WS FOR
33. * CERTAIN NON-BUILDER PRE-PROCESSORS.
34. PROCEDURE DIVISION.
35. COUNTER = 1
36. $IN-LINE( 2)
37. TEST-NO-DELIMITERS = <$IN-LINE( 3)>
38. ADD <$IN-LINE( 4)> <$IN-LINE( 5)> TO COUNTER
39. % SET LINKAGE
40. 01 LINKAGE-STUFF PIC X.
41. % SET PROCEDURE
42. % SET DELIMITERS-OPTIONAL
43. $IN-LINE( TEST-NO-DELIMITERS)
44. $IN-LINE( 6)
45. % SET DATA
46. * PLACING DATA IN DATA DIVISION
47. % SET PROCEDURE
48. % SET FILE
49. FD MY-FILE.
50. 01 MY-RECORD PIC X(80).
51. % SET PROCEDURE
52. % SET FILE-CONTROL
53. SELECT MY-FILE ASSIGN UT-S-MYFILE.
54. % SET PROCEDURE
55. OPEN INPUT MY-FILE YOUR-FILE
56. CLOSE MY-FILE YOUR-FILE
57. % SET WORKING-STORAGE
58. 01 TEST-NO-DELIMITERS PIC 9(&IN-LINE).
59. % SET PROCEDURE
60. /* THIS IS AN S-COBOL COMMENT LINE.
61. % SET AUXILIARY-OUTPUT
62. THIS IS AUXILIARY FILE DATA
/*************************************
63. % SET NORMAL-OUTPUT
Line 31:
This is a marker for the code on line 58 that is relocated to WORKING-STORAGE; it goes immediately above this marker.
Line 36:
$IN-LINE is invoked, passing the actual argument 2 to the rule formal argument &ARG. The result appears in output line 6306 (COUNTER = 2).
Line 37:
First, the contents of the evaluation brackets are evaluated. The brackets contain a call to the $IN-LINE rule, passing the argument 3 to the rule argument &ARG. This calls the rule; the result appears in output line 6308 (COUNTER = 3).
Next, the contents of the brackets are resolved, giving TEST-NO-DELIMITERS a value. The value comes from a variable within $IN-LINE, which must have same name as the rule it belongs to, and its value is the same as the argument passed to the rule, for example, 3. Thus, <$IN-LINE( 3)> is replaced by 3, and TEST-NO-DELIMITERS = 3 is output to line 6310.
Line 38:
If we add 45 to COUNTER instead of 4 and 5, the space between the first and second appearance of the in-line rule would be omitted.
Lines 39-41:
Line 39 generates the LINKAGE SECTION statement and relocates line 40 to the Linkage Section; see output lines 5328-5330). Line 41 ends the effect of % SET LINKAGE.
Line 42:
This omits delimiters around string arguments, as on line 43.
Lines 45-47:
Line 45 relocates line 46 to immediately after the DATA DIVISION statement (see output line 5304).
Lines 48-51:
Line 48 relocates lines 49-50 to the end of the File Section (see output lines 5312-5314).
Lines 52-54:
Line 52 relocates line 53 to the end of FILE-CONTROL.
Lines 57-59:
Line 57 relocates line 58 to the end of WORKING-STORAGE.
Lines 61-63:
Line 61 outputs line 62 to an external auxiliary file named RULE.
001700 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. 17. 001800 PROGRAM-ID. 18. 001900 EXAMPLE9. 19. 002000 ENVIRONMENT DIVISION. 20. 002100 INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION. 21. 002200 FILE-CONTROL. 22. 002300 SELECT YOUR-FILE ASSIGN UT-S-YOURFILE. 23. 005300 SELECT MY-FILE ASSIGN UT-S-MYFILE. 53. 005302 DATA DIVISION. 24. 005304* PLACING DATA IN DATA DIVISION 46. 005306 FILE SECTION. 25. 005308 FD YOUR-FILE. 26. 005310 01 YOUR-RECORD PIC X(80). 27. 005312 FD MY-FILE. 49. 005314 01 MY-RECORD PIC X(80). 50. 005316 WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. 28. 005318 01 COUNTER PIC S9(4) COMP. 29. 005320 01 WS-1 PIC X. 30. 005322 01 TEST-NO-DELIMITERS PIC 9(6). 005324* PLACE FOR STUFF THAT MUST BE AT END OF WS FOR 005326* CERTAIN NON-BUILDER PRE-PROCESSORS 33. 005328 LINKAGE SECTION. 005330 01 LINKAGE-STUFF PIC X. 40. 006300 01 MY-EPILOGUE-CHR PIC X. 006302 PROCEDURE DIVISION. 34. 006304 COUNTER = 1 35. 006306 COUNTER = 2 006308 COUNTER = 3 006310 TEST-NO-DELIMITERS = 3 006312 COUNTER = 4 006314 COUNTER = 5 006316 COUNTER = COUNTER + 4 5 006318 COUNTER = TEST-NO-DELIMITERS 006320 COUNTER = 6 006322 OPEN INPUT MY-FILE YOUR-FILE 55. 006324 CLOSE MY-FILE YOUR-FILE 56. 006326*/* THIS IS AN S-COBOL COMMENT LINE. 60. 006328 COUNTER = 100 11. 006330 COUNTER = 101 15.
Lines 6312-6316:
If we add 45 to COUNTER instead of 4 and 5, the space between the first and second appearance of the in-line rule would be omitted.
Line 6328:
Line 15 of the rule source (% SET EPILOGUE $MY-EPILOGUE) put $MY-EPILOGUE in the storage area called EPILOGUE. All rules in EPILOGUE are invoked at the end of the program and after Customizer processing, starting with the last rule put into EPILOGUE. Because $MY-EPILOGUE is the only rule in EPILOGUE, it is invoked. The result is line 6328 in the output.
During $MY-EPILOGUE processing, % SET LINKAGE relocates line 9 to the end of the Linkage Section (line 6300), and puts COUNTER = 100 at the end of the Procedure Division (line 6328). Line 15 is an EPILOGUE statement nested within a $MY-EPILOGUE; it puts $SECOND-EPILOGUE into the EPILOGUE area. This completes $MY-EPILOGUE processing.
Now, $SECOND-EPILOGUE, the last rule existing in EPILOGUE, is invoked.
After Customizer processes the above program, the precompiler processes it. The result is shown below. Note the additional lines (5324 through 5340 and 6236 through 6242) that the precompile process generates.
001700 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. 17. 001800 PROGRAM-ID. 18. 001900 EXAMPLE9. 19. 002000 ENVIRONMENT DIVISION. 20. 002100 INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION. 21. 002200 FILE-CONTROL. 22. 002300 SELECT YOUR-FILE ASSIGN UT-S-YOURFILE. 23. 005300 SELECT MY-FILE ASSIGN UT-S-MYFILE. 53. 005302 DATA DIVISION. 24. 005304* PLACING DATA IN DATA DIVISION 46. 005306 FILE SECTION. 25. 005308 FD YOUR-FILE. 26. 005310 01 YOUR-RECORD PIC X(80). 27. 005312 FD MY-FILE. 49. 005314 01 MY-RECORD PIC X(80). 50. 005316 WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. 28. 005318 77 COUNTER PIC S9(4) COMP. 29. 005320 01 WS-1 PIC X. 30. 005322 01 TEST-NO-DELIMITERS PIC 9(6). 005322 005324 01 GENERATED--FLAGS. 005326 05 TRUE PIC X VALUE 'T'. 005328 88 ALWAYS VALUE 'T'. 005330 88 NEVER VALUE 'F'. 005332 05 FALSE PIC X VALUE 'F'. 005334 05 YOUR-FILE--END PIC X. 005336 05 YOUR-FILE--INV PIC X. 005338 05 MY-FILE--END PIC X. 005340 05 MY-FILE--INV PIC X. 005342 005344* PLACE FOR STUFF THAT MUST BE AT END OF WS FOR 32. 005346* CERTAIN NON-BUILDER PRE-PROCESSORS. 33. 005348 LINKAGE SECTION. 005350 01 LINKAGE-STUFF PIC X. 40. 006200 01 MY-EPILOGUE-CHR PIC X. 006202 PROCEDURE DIVISION. 34. 006204 MAIN--SECTION SECTION. 35. 006206 MAIN--SECTION--PARA. 35. 006208 COUNTER = 1. 35. 006210 COUNTER = 2. 006212 COUNTER = 3. 006214 TEST-NO-DELIMITERS = 3. 006216 COUNTER = 4. 006218 COUNTER = 5. 006220 COUNTER = COUNTER + 4 5 006222 COUNTER = TEST-NO-DELIMITERS. 006224 COUNTER = 6. 006226 OPEN INPUT MY-FILE YOUR-FILE. 55. 006228 CLOSE MY-FILE YOUR-FILE. 56. 006230* THIS IN AN S-COBOL COMMENT LINE 60. 006232 COUNTER = 100. 11. 006234 COUNTER = 101. 15. 006236 MAIN--SECTION--EXIT. 15. 006238 EXIT PROGRAM. 15. 006240 MAIN--SECTION--EXIT. 15. 006242 STOP RUN. 15.